2009-02-15

µÿæÀÿ†ÿêß AæŠ ¨Àÿç`ÿßÀÿ ¨$ ¨÷’ÿÉöLÿ {SæàÿH´æàÿLÿÀÿ

-ÜÿÀÿçÜÿÀÿ Ɇÿ¨$#
¯ÿç{’ÿÉê ÉæÓœÿ{Àÿ ’ÿêWö’ÿçœÿÀÿÜÿç œÿçfÀÿ AæŠ ¨Àÿç`ÿß µëÿàÿç¾æB$#¯ÿæ µÿæÀÿ†ÿêß ÓþæfLëÿ †ÿæZÿÀÿ ¨í¯ÿöÓ½&õ†ÿç Ó½Àÿ~ LÿÀÿæB¯ÿæ ¨æBô Ó´æþê ¯ÿç{¯ÿLÿæœÿ¢ÿZÿ vÿæÀëÿ AæÀÿ»LÿÀÿç þÜÿÌçö AÀÿ¯ÿç¢ÿZÿ ¨¾ö¿;ÿ ¯ÿÜëÿ þÜÿæþœÿêÌç Lÿæ¾ö¿LÿÀÿçd;ÿç æ Lÿç;ëÿ FÜÿç {¨÷Àÿ~æÀÿ `ÿçÀÿ;ÿœÿ {Ó÷æ†ÿ þšÀëÿ µÿçŸ FLÿ {Ó÷æ†ÿ $#{àÿ þ景ÿ Ó’ÿæÉç¯ÿ {SæàÿH´àÿLÿÀÿ æ µÿæÀÿ†ÿ{Àÿ ¯ÿÜëÿ `ÿaÿçö†ÿ ¯ÿçÉæÁÿ ÓóSvÿœÿ ÀÿæÎ÷êß Ó´ßó{Ó¯ÿLÿ ÓóWÀÿ {Ó $#{àÿ ’ÿ´ç†ÿêß ÓÀÿÓóW `ÿæÁÿLÿ æ 1906 þÓçÜÿæ {üÿ¯õÿßæÀÿê þæÓ 19 †ÿæÀÿçQ{Àÿ œÿæS¨ëÀÿ ÓÜÿÀÿÀÿ Ó’ÿæÉç¯ÿ ÀÿæH ¨Àÿç¯ÿæÀÿ{Àÿ fœÿ½ S÷Üÿ~ LÿÀÿç$#¯ÿæ þ景ÿ ¨Àÿ¯ÿˆÿ}LÿæÁÿ{Àÿ ÀÿæÎ÷Àíÿ¨ê ¯ÿçÀÿæs BÉ´Àÿ AæÀÿ晜ÿæ{Àÿ œÿçfÀÿ fê¯ÿœÿLëÿ Óþ¨ö~ LÿÀÿç{’ÿB$#{àÿ æ 1926 þÓçÜÿæ{Àÿ ¨æ~ç ¯ÿçjæœÿ{Àÿ ¨÷$þ {É÷~ê{Àÿ Ó§æ†ÿ{LÿæˆÿÀÿ D¨æ™# àÿæµÿ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ¨{Àÿ AÅÿ ’ÿçœÿ¨æBô Aæ™ëœÿçLÿ {`ÿŸæBÀÿ þû¿æÁÿß{Àÿ f{~ dæ†ÿ÷ S{¯ÿÌLÿ µÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ {¾æS {’ÿB ¨{Àÿ ¯ÿæÀÿæ~ÓêÀÿ Üÿç¢ëÿ ¯ÿçÉ´ ¯ÿç’ÿ¿æÁÿß{Àÿ Ašæ¨Lÿ µÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ {¾æS{’ÿB$#{àÿ æ FÜÿç Óþß{Àÿ WÀÿÀÿ FLÿþæ†ÿ÷ ¨ë†ÿ÷ þ景ÿ WÀÿ ÓóÓæÀÿ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ F¯ÿó ÓŸ¿æÓ ¯ÿ÷†ÿ S÷Üÿ~ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ µÿÁÿç ’ëÿBsç ¨$Àëÿ {LÿDô ¨${Àÿ AS÷ÓÀÿ {Üÿ{¯ÿ {ÓÜÿç ¯ÿçÌßLÿëÿ SµÿçÀÿ µÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ `ÿç;ÿæ LÿÀëÿ$#{àÿ F¯ÿó {ÉÌ{Àÿ ÓŸ¿æÓ ¯ÿ÷†ÿ S÷Üÿ~ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ¨æBô Lÿ{vÿæÀÿ œÿç؈ÿç {œÿ{àÿ æ 1937 þÓçÜÿæ{Àÿ ÀÿæþLõÿÐ ¨ÀÿþÜÿóÓZÿÀÿ ÉçÌ¿ Ó´æþê AQƒæœÿ¢ÿZÿvÿæÀëÿ ’ÿêäæ S÷Üÿ~ LÿÀÿç {’ÿð¯ÿêÉNÿç F¯ÿó A{þæW AæÉêö¯ÿæ’ÿ ¨÷æ© LÿÀÿç$#{àÿ æ Ó´æþê AQƒæœÿ¢ÿ †ÿæZÿÀÿ ÓþÖ ÉçÌ¿þæœÿZëÿ œÿç’ÿçÎ {SæsçF {SæsçF ’ÿæßç†ÿ´ ¯ÿƒœÿ LÿÀÿç$#{àÿ þš œÿçfÀÿ ¨÷êß ÉçÌ¿ þ景ÿ Ó’ÿæÉç¯ÿZëÿ AæÉ÷þÀÿ {Lÿò~Óç Lÿæ¾ö¿LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ¨æBô LÿÜÿçœÿ$#{àÿ æ LÿæÀÿ~ {Ó fæ~ç$#{àÿ {¾,þ景ÿ Ó’ÿæÉç¯ÿ ’ÿ´æÀÿæ FLÿ SëÀëÿ†ÿ´ ¨í‚ÿö Lÿæ¾ö¿Ó晜ÿ {Üÿ¯ÿæÀÿ Adç æ Ó†ÿLëÿ Ó†ÿ ÀÿæÎ÷êß Ó´ßó{Ó¯ÿLÿ ÓóWÀÿ ¨÷†ÿçÏæ†ÿæ xÿLÿuÀÿ {Lÿɯÿ ¯ÿÁÿçÀÿæþ {Üÿ{xÿ{SH´æÀÿZÿÀÿ 1940 þÓçÜÿæ fëœÿ þæÓ{Àÿ ¯ÿç{ßæS¨{Àÿ ÓóWÀÿ ÓþÖ ’ÿæßç†ÿ´ {SæàÿH´àÿLÿÀÿZÿÀÿ D¨{Àÿ Üÿ] ¨xÿç$#àÿæ F¯ÿó {ÓÜÿç ¯ÿÌö fëàÿæB þæÓÀëÿ fê¯ÿœÿÀÿ A;ÿçþ Óþß ¨¾ö¿;ÿ ÀÿæÎ÷êß Ó´ßó{Ó¯ÿLÿ ÓóWÀÿ þëQ¿ µÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ ÓþS÷ µÿæÀÿ†ÿ{Àÿ µÿ÷þ~ LÿÀÿç fœÿ†ÿæfœÿæ"öœÿÀÿ {Ó¯ÿæ¨æBô œÿçfLëÿ œÿç{ßæfç†ÿ Lÿ{àÿ æ
Aæ’ÿç ÉZÿÀÿæ`ÿæ¾ö¿Zÿ ¨Àÿç {Ó ÓþS÷ µÿæÀÿ†ÿ ¯ÿÌö{Àÿ œÿçÀÿ;ÿÀÿ µÿ÷þ~ LÿÀÿç ÓþæfÀÿ D’ÿæÓêœÿ µÿæ¯ÿLëÿ Óþë{Áÿ ™´óÓ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ¨æBô àÿæSç¨xÿç$#{àÿ æ µÿæÀÿ†ÿ ¯ÿçµÿæfœÿ Sæ¤ÿêfêZÿ Üÿ†ÿ¿æÀÿ þç$¿æ Aµÿç{¾æS µÿÁÿç ’ÿæÀëÿ~ Óþß{Àÿ þš œÿçfÀÿ Aæ’ÿÉö H ¯ÿçÉ´æÓLëÿ A†ÿ¿;ÿ ™¾ö¿Àÿ ÓÜÿç†ÿ fœÿÓæ™æÀÿ~Zÿ ¨æQ{Àÿ ¨ÜÿoæB¯ÿæ{Àÿ {Ó Óó¨í‚ÿö ÓüÿÁÿ {ÜÿæB$#{àÿ æ †ÿæZÿÀÿç {¨÷Àÿ~æ{Àÿ Üÿ] ÜÿfæÀÿ ÜÿfæÀÿ œÿ¯ÿ¾ë¯ÿLÿ WÀÿ ’ÿ´æÀÿ dæxÿç ÓóW F¯ÿó ÀÿæÎ÷Àÿ Lÿæþ LÿÀÿç¯ÿæ¨æBô ¯ÿæÜÿæÀÿç AæÓç$#{àÿ æ Óþæf{Àÿ ™þöÀÿ ¨÷`ÿæÀÿ H ¨÷ÓæÀÿ ¨æBô †ÿæZÿÀÿ Aµÿçœÿ¯ÿ D’ÿ¿æþLëÿ †ÿ†úÿLÿæÁÿêœÿ ¯ÿÜëÿ ¯ÿçÉçÎ ¯ÿ¿Nÿç ¯ëÿlç ¨æÀÿçœÿ$#{àÿ æ {Ó$#¨æBô †ÿæZëÿ f{~ ÓZÿê‚ÿö Óóæ¨÷’ÿæßêLÿ¯ÿæ’ÿêµÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ Üÿ] `ÿç†ÿ÷~ LÿÀÿæ¾æD$#àÿæ Lÿç;ëÿ {SæàÿH´æàÿLÿÀÿ ÀÿæÎ÷Üÿç†ÿ¨æBô ÓþÖ ¨÷†ÿçÏæ H ¨÷ÉóÓævÿæÀëÿ œÿçfLëÿ ¯ÿÜëÿ ’íÿÀÿ{Àÿ ÀÿQë$#{àÿ æ {Ó$#¨æBô †ÿæZÿÀÿ ¯ÿç{ßæS¨{Àÿ ÓóWÀÿ LÿsëÓþæ{àÿæ`ÿLÿ BóÀÿæfê Óæ©æÜÿçLÿ ¯ÿâêfú {àÿQç¯ÿæLëÿ ¯ÿæš {ÜÿæB$#àÿæ {¾,"þÜÿæœÿ LíÿÁÿ¨†ÿç ¨Àÿ¸ÀÿæÀÿ {Ó ™æÀÿLÿ $#{àÿ {¾Lÿç ÓþS÷ LíÿÁÿLëÿ `ÿÁÿæD$#{àÿ F¯ÿó †ÿæÀÿÀÿäæþš LÿÀëÿ$#{àÿ æ ¯ÿ¿NÿçS†ÿ fê¯ÿœÿ †ÿæZÿÀÿ Óæ™æÓç™æ $#àÿæ Lÿç;ëÿ $#àÿæ †ÿæZÿÀÿ A’ÿ´ç†ÿêß ÓóSvÿœÿ äþ†ÿæ æ µÿàÿ ÜëÿA;ÿæ ¾’ÿçLÿçdç Àÿæf{œÿð†ÿçLÿ {œÿ†ÿæ †ÿæZÿÀÿ Óþ¨çö†ÿ fê¯ÿœÿÀÿ AœëÿÓÀÿ~ LÿÀÿ{;ÿ ... †ÿæZÿ’ÿ´æÀÿæ ¨÷Öæ¯ÿç†ÿ ¯ÿ¿NÿçZëÿ †ÿæZÿÀÿ DˆÿÀÿæ™#LÿæÀÿê Àíÿ¨{Àÿ þæœÿç{œÿ¯ÿæ A™#œÿæßLÿ†ÿ´Lëÿ Ó{Zÿ†ÿ LÿÀëÿ$#{àÿ þš ÓóWÀÿ ’õÿÿ AœëÿÉæÓœÿ F¯ÿó †ÿæÀÿ fœÿÓþ$öœÿÀÿ FÜÿæ FLÿ ¨÷þæ~æ Aæfç ’ÿçœÿ{Àÿ AÅÿ AœëÿÉæÓœÿ{Àÿ {’ÿÉ ¯ÿÜëÿ†ÿ Lÿçdç LÿÀÿç¨æÀÿç¯ÿ æ" Ó†ÿ{Àÿ þ景ÿ Ó’ÿæÉç¯ÿ {SæàÿH´æàÿLÿÀÿ (fæÜÿæZëÿ †ÿæZÿÀÿ ÜÿfæÀÿ ÜÿfæÀÿ AœëÿSæþê É÷ê SëÀëÿfê µÿæ¯ÿ{Àÿ Ó{ºæ™œÿ LÿÀÿ;ÿç ) æ †ÿæZÿÀÿ ÓþÖ `ÿç;ÿæ H É÷þ {’ÿÉ þæ†õÿLÿæ ¨÷†ÿç DûSöêLõÿ†ÿ $#àÿæ æ FLÿ$æÀÿ ¨÷þæ~ þç{Áÿ †ÿæZÿ ’ÿ´æÀÿæ àÿçQç†ÿ FLÿ `ÿçvÿç{Àÿ æ {SæAæ þëNÿç ÓóS÷æþ{Àÿ {¾æS{’ÿ¯ÿæLëÿ ¾ç¯ÿæ¨í¯ÿöÀëÿ ¯ÿÓ;ÿÀÿæH HLúÿ œÿæþLÿ f{~ ¯ÿ¿Nÿç É÷ê SëÀëÿfêZÿÀÿ Éë{µÿbÿæ Lÿæþœÿæ LÿÀÿç$#{àÿ æ FÜÿæÀÿ DˆÿÀÿ{Àÿ É÷ê SëÀëÿfê {àÿQç$#{àÿ {þæ ¨æQ{Àÿ ¾’ÿç Lÿçdç ¨í~¿$æF µÿS¯ÿæœÿZÿÀÿ Lõÿ¨æ $æF {Ó ÓþÖ ¨í~¿ †ëÿþ ÓÜÿç†ÿ ÀÿÜÿçdç æ ÉëµÿLÿæ¾ö¿{Àÿ ÓüÿÁÿ†ÿæÀÿ ¯ÿçÉ´æÓLëÿ Óæèÿ{Àÿ {œÿB Aæ{SB ¾æA F¯ÿó ¾É´Óê {ÜÿæB {üÿÀÿçAæÓ æ SëÀëÿ {SæàÿH´æàÿLÿÀÿ FµÿÁÿç f{~ þÜÿæœÿ ÀÿæÎ÷¨ëÀëÿÌ $#{àÿ æ †ÿæZÿÀÿ ¯ÿçÉæÁÿ ¯ÿ¿Nÿç†ÿ´ {’ÿÉ H Óþæf{Àÿ Ó´bÿ†ÿæ H Ó’ÿæ`ÿæÀÿÀÿ Aµÿë¿’ÿß ¨æBô Aµÿç{¨÷†ÿ $#àÿæ æ
Aæfç {¾{†ÿ{¯ÿ{Áÿ ™þöœÿçÀÿ{¨ä œÿæþ{Àÿ ¯ÿ¿Nÿç H ÓþæfÀëÿ ™þöLëÿ ¯ÿæÜÿæÀÿ LÿÀÿç{’ÿ¯ÿæ¨æBô ¨÷{`ÿÏæ `ÿæàÿçdç {Ó{†ÿ{¯ÿ{Áÿ SëÀëÿ {SæàÿH´æàÿLÿÀÿ Üÿ] {¯ÿÉê þ{œÿ ¨xÿ;ÿç æ Fvÿæ{Àÿ {SæsçF Lÿ$æ D{àÿâQ LÿÀÿæ¾æB¨æ{Àÿ æ Ws~æsç {Üÿàÿæ FLÿ’ÿæ {SæsçF àÿæßœÿÛ Lÿâ¯ÿ É÷ê SëÀëÿfêZëÿ †ÿæZÿ ’ÿ´æÀÿæ Aæ{ßæfç†ÿ FLÿ Dû¯ÿ{Àÿ {¾æS{’ÿ¯ÿæLëÿ œÿçþ¦~ LÿÀÿæ¾æB$#àÿæ Lÿç;ëÿ †ÿæZëÿ LëÿÜÿæ¾æB$#àÿæ ™þö H Àÿæfœÿê†ÿç ¯ÿ¿†ÿç†ÿ {Ó {¾{Lÿò~Óç ¯ÿçÌß{Àÿ LÿÜÿç ¨æÀÿç{¯ÿ æ FÜÿæÀÿ DˆÿÀÿ{Àÿ SëÀëÿfê LÿÜÿç$#{àÿ Àÿæfœÿê†ÿç ÓÜÿç†ÿ {þæÀÿ ¨Àÿç`ÿß œÿæÜÿ] æ FÜÿæ ¨÷†ÿç Àëÿ`ÿçþš œÿæÜÿ] æ {†ÿ~ë Àÿæfœÿê†ÿç ¨÷ÓèÿLëÿ {þæÀÿ fç¯ÿæ ¨÷ɧ œÿæÜÿ] {Üÿ{àÿ Aæ¨~ZÿÀÿ ™þöÀÿ ¯ÿç{Àÿæ™Lëÿ þëô ¯ëÿlç¨æÀëÿ œÿæÜÿ] æ LÿæÀÿ~ ÉæÚ{Àÿ LëÿÜÿæ¾æBdç AæÜÿæÀÿ œÿç’ÿ÷æ µÿß {þð$ëœÿ ’õÿÎçÀëÿ þ~çÌ H ¨Éë Óþæœÿ æ {Lÿ¯ÿÁÿ ™þö Üÿ] þ~çÌLëÿ ¨ÉëvÿæÀëÿ DŸ†ÿ LÿÀÿç Sÿç$æF æ Aæ¨~þæ{œÿ ™þö Lëÿ dæxÿç ÀÿÜÿç$#¯ÿæÀëÿ {¯ÿæ™ ÜëÿF œÿçfLëÿ àÿæFœÿÓ LÿÜëÿd;ÿç æ